Research from the University of Queensland has uncovered a significant connection between endometriosis and an elevated likelihood of both premature and surgically-induced menopause. This extensive international study highlights that women with endometriosis face a sevenfold increase in the risk of surgical menopause, which involves the removal of both ovaries. Additionally, they are more susceptible to experiencing premature menopause before the age of 40 or early menopause between ages 40 and 44. Dr. Hsin-Fang Chung from UQ’s School of Public Health notes that while it is acknowledged that endometriosis and its treatments may affect egg quality and quantity, there remains limited research on how this condition impacts the timing of menopause.

The findings reveal that surgical menopause tends to occur approximately 19 months earlier for women with endometriosis, while natural menopause arrives roughly five months sooner. Women with this condition are twice as likely to undergo surgical menopause under the age of 40 and 1.4 times more prone to natural menopause before turning 40. According to Professor Gita Mishra, senior author of the study, early or surgically-induced menopause correlates with adverse health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. To mitigate these risks, a thorough understanding of their underlying causes and proactive management strategies are essential.

This landmark study analyzed data from nearly 280,000 women across Australia, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Japan over a period spanning from 1996 to 2022. It stands as the most comprehensive examination to date of menopause types and timing in women diagnosed with endometriosis. The research forms part of InterLACE, a global collaboration dedicated to exploring women's reproductive health and chronic disease throughout their lives. Endometriosis, characterized by tissue growth resembling the uterine lining in other parts of the body, affects one in seven Australian women and often leads to chronic inflammation and debilitating symptoms.

Dr. Chung expresses hope that these findings will contribute to updates in endometriosis management guidelines, underscoring the necessity of long-term monitoring. Women living with endometriosis should be cognizant of their heightened risk for early or induced menopause, scheduling regular visits with their general practitioner to assess potential chronic disease risk factors and prioritize preventive measures. Her upcoming focus will explore the implications of endometriosis on extended chronic disease risks. These insights will be showcased at the forthcoming 16th World Congress on Endometriosis in Sydney.

In light of the evidence presented, healthcare providers can better tailor their approaches to managing endometriosis and addressing associated menopausal risks. By fostering awareness and promoting proactive healthcare practices, women with endometriosis can enhance their overall well-being and potentially reduce the complications tied to early menopause.