A groundbreaking invention by University of Cincinnati engineers offers a new method for diagnosing depression and anxiety. The team, led by distinguished research professor Chong Ahn, has developed a "lab-on-a-chip" system capable of measuring cortisol, the stress hormone, from saliva samples. This technology not only provides objective data but also enhances diagnostic capabilities when traditional mental health questionnaires may fall short. Mental health disorders affect over 400 million globally, with prolonged elevated cortisol levels being linked to conditions like depression and anxiety. Furthermore, UC researchers have extended their work into other areas, including heart attack detection and COVID-19 testing, showcasing the versatility of their innovations.
Innovative Technology for Stress Hormone Measurement
This section explores the creation of a device designed to measure cortisol levels through saliva, providing doctors with precise diagnostic tools. Developed by UC's engineering team, this lab-on-a-chip system consists of a disposable collection tool that patients place in their mouths, which is then analyzed via a portable reader. This process enables rapid transmission of results to both analyzers and smartphones, facilitating timely medical interventions.
The significance of this invention lies in its ability to offer an objective assessment of stress levels. Unlike subjective mental health questionnaires, which depend on patient honesty and awareness, this device delivers quantifiable evidence. By tracking cortisol levels, it can alert healthcare providers to potential issues that might otherwise go unnoticed. The study’s lead author, Vinitha Thiyagarajan Upaassana, emphasizes the importance of collaboration with psychiatrists to validate the platform's effectiveness in clinical settings. Additionally, doctoral student Supreeth Setty highlights ongoing efforts to examine DHEA, another hormone that counteracts excessive cortisol effects, further enhancing the diagnostic scope.
Expanding Applications Beyond Mental Health
Beyond mental health diagnostics, the UC team's innovative approach extends to other critical health concerns. Their research includes developing a rapid biochemical test for detecting troponin, a protein released during heart damage. This advancement allows daily monitoring post-heart attack, significantly improving care and prevention strategies. Similarly, the group has ventured into creating point-of-care testing platforms for diseases such as COVID-19, demonstrating the broad applicability of their microfluidic technology.
The development of these versatile devices underscores the potential for transforming healthcare delivery across various domains. For instance, the troponin-detecting device, detailed in Analytical Chemistry, exemplifies how minimal blood samples can yield immediate results crucial in emergency situations. Heeyong Jang, a contributing researcher, notes the importance of quick diagnosis in preventing secondary heart attacks. Moreover, the sensors and diagnostics paper outlines a novel design for efficient COVID-19 testing. These applications highlight the adaptability and scalability of UC's microchannel lateral flow assay (mLFA) technology, positioning it as a cornerstone in modern healthcare innovation.